Selecting the right lighting for different environments isn’t as simple as just picking an LED bulb. Electricians and business owners must understand the difference between damp-rated vs wet-rated LEDs regarding installation safety and performance. These ratings determine where and how they can safely use the lighting fixture, ultimately impacting the fixture’s longevity and the safety of its surroundings.
Understanding these distinctions will ensure you choose the perfect fit while maintaining operational safety, whether you’re installing LED lights for a commercial walk-in cooler, outdoor patio, or industrial walkway. This blog covers everything you need to know, starting with the basics of LED moisture ratings and ending with tips for selecting the right product for your needs.
Understanding Moisture Ratings For LEDs
LED lighting isn’t a one-size-fits-all solution, especially when it comes to environments where moisture is present. Key ratings that define the LED’s suitability for different types of locations include UL (Underwriters Laboratories) or ETL (Electrical Testing Laboratories) location ratings, alongside IP (Ingress Protection) ratings.
UL or ETL Location Ratings
You’ll typically find a UL or ETL rating on the LED product’s packaging and fixture, which indicates whether it’s suitable for dry, damp, or wet locations.
- Dry-rated lights are a safe choice for indoor settings where there’s no moisture or water exposure, such as living rooms, offices, or bedrooms. A light fixture package that says “UL Listed” means you can only use it in dry, indoor environments.
- LEDs with a damp rating are suitable for humid environments with indirect moisture exposure. Business owners commonly use them in bathrooms, covered patios, or walk-in commercial coolers. These lights can handle humidity or occasional splashes but cannot handle direct water contact.
- A wet-rated LED means the fixture is fully sealed and capable of withstanding direct exposure to water. Open decks, parking lots, and other outdoor areas require wet-rated LEDs to handle rain, snow, or other weather conditions.
IP (Ingress Protection) Ratings
The IP rating offers another way to classify lighting safety, specifically focusing on how well the fixture protects the LED against solid particles and water. Each IP rating is a combination of two digits. The first digit refers to protection against solids (dirt and dust), while the second addresses protection against liquids (water).
- The range from IP44 to IP65 is safe for damp locations. IP44 provides protection against condensation, making it suitable for use indoors or in outdoor environments with indirect moisture exposure. The IP65 rating safeguards the fixture from water, making it a versatile choice for damp and wet locations.
- IP66-rated fixtures can handle direct sprays from powerful water jets, while IP67 or IP68 ratings include full waterproof protection and can even handle submersion in water. These ratings are critical safety features for swimming pools or showers.
What Are Damp-Rated LEDs?
Damp-rated LEDs are your go-to choice if you’re planning to illuminate spaces with occasional exposure to moisture.
Definition and Characteristics
Damp-rated LEDs can withstand humidity and indirect moisture but cannot withstand soaking or direct water contact. Special coatings and materials ensure durability in environments with water vapor or light splashes.
Suitable Applications
Here’s where damp-rated LEDs shine:
- Bathrooms and saunas as lighting above sinks or near mirrors where humidity levels can spike.
- Covered patios that are shielded from rain but still experience humidity.
- Commercial cold storage—specifically, walk-in cooler LED lights. These lights ensure reliable performance in cold, moist environments while enhancing visibility for employees.
Safety Considerations
While durable in humid areas, you must never install damp-rated LEDs where direct water contact occurs. Using them in areas beyond their scope could lead to safety hazards, malfunctioning lights, or early failure.
What Are Wet-Rated LEDs?
Wet-rated LEDs provide the resilience and functionality you need for high-exposure environments.
Definition and Characteristics
Manufacturers seal wet-rated LEDs and construct them to completely block water penetration. This level of protection allows them to operate safely during direct exposure to rain, snow, or splashes.
Suitable Applications
Wet-rated LEDs are a must for the following areas:
- Anywhere outdoors, from parking lots to open patios.
- Showers and similar areas with consistent, direct water exposure.
- Facades, pathways, or signage consistently exposed to all weather conditions year-round.
Safety Considerations
Wet-rated LEDs can handle high levels of moisture, but you must install and seal them correctly to ensure longevity. Always follow manufacturer instructions and confirm certifications to avoid any safety issues.
Damp-Rated and Wet-Rated LEDs: Key Differences
Understanding the differences between these two LED types enables you to select the right lighting, which improves your business’s performance and safety.
Main Differences
- Damp-rated LEDs are for indirect moisture and humidity, while wet-rated LEDs can handle direct water contact.
- Wet-rated LEDs feature advanced sealing technology to fully protect the fixture, whereas damp-rated fixtures offer moisture-resistant features.
Importance of Choosing the Right Rating
Using the wrong rating can compromise your LED system’s safety, efficiency, and lifespan. For example, installing damp-rated LEDs in a parking lot is an electrical safety hazard, while using wet-rated LEDs in dry locations may be an unnecessary expense.
Selecting the Right LED for Your Needs
Here’s how to ensure you’re purchasing the right LEDs for your environment and requirements:
- Take note of the physical conditions where you’ll be installing your LED fixture. Is it a dry living room, a humid bathroom, or an uncovered patio exposed to rain? Make you choose accordingly.
- Look for UL or ETL ratings on product labels to confirm whether they’re safe for dry, damp, or wet use. Take note of their IP rating for more specific protection details.
- Turn to an LED supply company for professional advice and tailored recommendations. They can provide insights into product specifications and help you weigh options based on your budget and project requirements.
Make the Right Lighting Choice for Your Business
Understanding the difference between damp-rated vs wet-rated LEDs is key to selecting the best lighting for your project. The right choice enhances functionality, ensures compliance, boosts safety, and protects your investment over time.
Always assess the environment, review product certifications, and consult a professional if necessary before making a purchase. Knowing the difference between these two types of fixtures empowers you to make decisions that benefit your space and your wallet, whether you’re illuminating a covered patio, a shower stall, or a walk-in cooler.
Looking for more advice or product recommendations? Our team of lighting experts is here to answer your questions!
